Revista: Lorenzo Hervás
Valerio Báez San José, Guillermo Fernández Rodríguez-Escalona, Marciana Loma-Osorio Fontecha Teoría del lenguaje y lingüística general. Sobre los fundamentos del modelo "Desde el hablar a las lenguas"
This article attempts to delimit the concepts of Theory of Language and General Linguistics as well as to establish their place within the Theory of Science. The Theory of Language is a deductive construction which supplies universal concepts and moods on speech whereas General Linguistics acts inductively formulating and verifying general hypotheses. The Theory of Language is not part of General Linguistics however because it is previous knowledge to the latter and it is framed within the Philosophy of Science.
Based on Vico’s and Dilthey’s theories, the authors propose General Linguistics as a Cultural Science or a Human Science (Geisteswissenschaft) as opposed to Natural Sciences and Auxiliary Sciences. The object of General Linguistics is a product of the human spirit and is mainly based on the relationships of meaning and sense explained from a contrasting perspective. If the evolution of linguistic thought is examined, it can be clearly observed that there have been consequences on the last century’s linguistic trends and schools from mixing up:
1) the object of General Linguistics with the object of Natural Sciences, and
2) the explanations of the former with the causal explanations of the latter.
